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practice

Prehospital care data for traffic injury prevention: what Pakistani research tells us

05 September 2011
Features
02 September 2011
Volume 1 · Issue 1

Abstract

Pakistan is facing an increasing burden of road traffic injuries (RTI). Previous studies showed that prehospital care data could be useful in RTI burden assessment. Recently, an advanced prehospital care system based on international guidelines was established in Pakistan. Our situational analyses indicated several discrepancies in their data—for example, using single sheets for recording multiple patient data thus facilitating missing information; subjective reporting of outcome (stable or okay); no electronic data entry, and underused global position system tracking for identifying crash locations. Furthermore, no stakeholders were identified to use this data for prevention purposes. In conclusion, the great potential for prehospital care data has not been explored in Pakistan, and devoting appropriate structural and human resources could be the key for future RTI advocacy and decision-making for prevention purposes.

Road traffic crashes (RTCs) lead to 1.3 million deaths and 50 million injuries worldwide each year (World Health Organization (WHO), 2009). More than 90% of road traffic injuries (RTIs) occur in low and middle income countries (LMICs), costing them 1–2% of their gross national product (GNP) (Peden et al, 2004). Moreover, it has previously been predicted that traffic fatalities will increase by 65% in LMICs over the next two decades, requiring immediate prevention effort (Koptis and Cropper, 2005). Lack of reliable RTI data in LMICs remains a major obstacle in allocating appropriate resources for injury prevention and control (WHO, 2009).

Accurate and reliable data plays an important role in assessing RTI prevention and control by providing burden estimates, building political will, and facilitating decisions for implementing specific interventions (WHO, 2010). At minimum, road crash data should:

  • Capture nearly all fatal crashes and a significant proportion of serious injuries
  • Describe vehicle, road use, and situational characteristics
  • Provide an accurate crash location
  • Be timely and reliably reported.

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    Data collection
    Developing country
    Emergency medical services
    Road traffic accident