assessment

Orthostatic hypotension: the last 20 years

‘The prime concern of the cardiovascular system is tissue perfusion, with blood pressure and blood flow therefore being of critical importance. These are influenced by a number of factors, with...

Appropriateness of oral clopidogrel for prehospital STEMI management

A combination of literature reviews and study trials were examined to investigate the appropriate use of clopidogrel in the prehospital environment. Documentation was collected from the EBSCOHost...

Tranexamic acid and international ambulance services

A literature search was undertaken in August, 2019, using EBSCO Host, ProQuest and PubMed databases. Two search strategies were adopted: the first sought to identify peer-reviewed articles relating to...

Lion's mane jellyfish sting

A 45-year-old female presented to the emergency department following multiple stings from a jellyfish. She was attempting to swim across ‘The Minch’—at the point of her crossing, this is a 25-mile...

An out-of-hospital perspective on hyperventilation syndrome

Blood acidity, measured as a pH, is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) present. Blood is comprised of 55% blood plasma, of which at least 90% is water (Institute for Quality and...

Successful use of percussion pacing in a pre-hospital p-wave asystole and ventricular standstill

Unstable emergency patients might experience different cardiac arrhythmias. A rarely seen arrhythmia is the p-wave asystole also mentioned ventricular asystole, ventricular standstill or third-degree...

No place for the rigid cervical collar in pre-hospital care

In 1967, Dr JD Farrington, an orthopaedic surgeon at Lakeland Memorial Hospital in Wisconsin, published a paper entitled ‘Death in a Ditch’ (Farrington, 1967). He explained that the purpose of his...

Prevention, assessment and management of altitude sickness

There are three subtypes of acute altitude sickness: acute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) and high-altitude cerebral oedema (HACE). Although these conditions occur for...

Providing medical aid to Brazzaville, the Republic of Congo

The Republic of Congo gained its independence on 15 August 1960. In 1997, a six month long civil war broke out. President Denis Sassou-Nguesso has been in power ever since..

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